If a patient with DVT experiences sudden swelling and pain in a leg post-heparin therapy, what should be suspected?

In a patient with a history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) undergoing heparin therapy, sudden swelling and pain in the leg could indicate the development of a hematoma. This condition can arise due to bleeding complications associated with anticoagulant therapy like heparin. The anticoagulant effect reduces the blood’s ability to clot, making it more susceptible to bleeding in the surrounding tissues, particularly where there may have been procedures, trauma, or even spontaneous bleeding.

Hematomas can present with localized swelling, tenderness, and pain, which mimics the symptoms of DVT but can signify a different underlying issue. Monitoring the patient closely for these signs is essential; if a hematoma develops, it may need different management than thrombus formation or infection. Recognizing these nuances helps ensure appropriate treatment and minimizes complications associated with heparin therapy.

The other options, while related to vascular conditions, do not align as closely with the symptoms experienced post-heparin therapy. Thrombus formation would typically present with an exacerbation of DVT symptoms rather than sudden onset. Infection usually presents with systemic signs such as fever, and venous reflux does not typically cause the acute symptoms described in this scenario. Thus, a hematoma is