What are the symptoms associated with anterior tibial compartment syndrome?

In anterior tibial compartment syndrome, a significant buildup of pressure within the compartment can lead to a range of symptoms that reflect compromised muscle and nerve function. The correct option captures the comprehensive range of these symptoms, which are crucial for diagnosis and management.

Swelling and palpable tenderness are common initial signs, as inflammation and tissue edema occur due to the increased pressure. This pressure not only restricts blood flow but also puts stress on nerves within the compartment, which can lead to sensory deficits—numbness or altered sensation in the distribution of the affected nerves (typically the deep peroneal nerve). Additionally, pain on passive stretch is indicative of muscle ischemia; stretching the muscles within the compartment can elicit significant discomfort, reflecting inadequate blood supply due to compression.

This combination of symptoms reinforces the urgent nature of compartment syndrome, which requires prompt medical intervention to prevent permanent damage. Understanding these signs is critical for healthcare professionals in diagnosing and treating this potentially limb-threatening condition.