What does an increase in peak systolic velocity in the Proximal ICA typically suggest?

An increase in peak systolic velocity in the Proximal Internal Carotid Artery (ICA) typically suggests severe stenosis. This is because significant narrowing of the artery due to stenosis causes the blood to flow more rapidly through the constricted area, leading to higher velocities as measured with Doppler ultrasound.

In vascular sonography, specific velocity thresholds are used to interpret the degree of stenosis. A very high peak systolic velocity in this region is often indicative of critical narrowing that can increase the risk of ischemic events such as stroke.

Normal arterial function or peak flow would not present with elevated peak systolic velocities, as these conditions typically reflect unobstructed blood flow. Mild stenosis may have a small increase in peak systolic velocity, but it would not reach the levels seen with severe stenosis. Therefore, the association of increased peak systolic velocity in the Proximal ICA with severe stenosis aligns with the principles of vascular assessment and is a key aspect of analyzing carotid artery health.