What is the current standard treatment after the initial dose of Heparin for DVT?

The correct choice is sodium warfarin, which has traditionally been a mainstay in the long-term management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) following the initial treatment with heparin. Warfarin is a vitamin K antagonist that works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, which helps to prevent new clot formation and the extension of existing clots. After patients are stabilized on heparin, transitioning to warfarin provides a means to manage anticoagulation over a prolonged period.

It's important to note that while newer anticoagulants such as rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban are gaining acceptance in certain cases and can be used as alternatives for the treatment of DVT, the established standard historically has been to use warfarin. These newer agents often allow for more convenient dosing and do not require regular monitoring of INR as warfarin does, but depending on the clinical context and individual patient needs, warfarin remains a highly utilized option for long-term management after the initial heparin therapy.