What is the most common medical treatment for acute ischemic stroke?

The most common medical treatment for acute ischemic stroke is rtPA (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator). This medication is a thrombolytic agent that works by dissolving the blood clot that is blocking blood flow to the brain, thereby restoring circulation and minimizing brain damage. The effective use of rtPA is time-sensitive, as it is most beneficial when administered within a narrow window—typically within three to four and a half hours from the onset of stroke symptoms. Its use has been shown in numerous studies to significantly improve outcomes for patients experiencing an acute ischemic stroke.

Other options, while relevant in different contexts, do not serve as the primary treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Clopidogrel, for instance, is an antiplatelet medication used for secondary prevention after a stroke or transient ischemic attack but is not effective for acute treatment. Vitamin K anticoagulants are used primarily for managing conditions like atrial fibrillation and deep vein thrombosis rather than for acute ischemic strokes. Heparin, an anticoagulant, can be used in some situations, but it is not the first-line treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, rtPA stands out as the most effective and commonly used medical intervention in the acute