What type of graft is associated with a lower expected flow rate in dialysis fistulas?

The Cimino-Brescia fistula is a type of arteriovenous (AV) fistula that is created by anastomosing the radial artery to the cephalic vein at the wrist, utilizing the patient’s own vessels. This method is associated with a lower expected flow rate compared to other graft types, primarily because it relies on the natural anatomy of the patient's veins and arteries.

When utilizing an autologous vein graft, such as reflected in option B, there is typically a higher flow rate since the body’s own veins often have more favorable compliance and diameter compared to synthetic materials. On the other hand, PTFE/synthetic grafts also tend to facilitate higher flow rates, as these grafts are designed to have a smooth inner surface which reduces turbulence and resistance to blood flow.

Endoaveolar grafts are specialized grafts with a different application in surgeries and are typically not used in the context of regular dialysis fistulas but rather in repairing vessels or certain types of diverticula, which do not relate directly to dialysis flow rates.

Thus, given these considerations, the Cimino-Brescia fistula, while often preferred for its natural integration and lower complication rates, is associated with a lower flow rate due to the