Which of the following complications can occur due to significant caval obstruction and elevated venous pressure?

In the context of significant caval obstruction and elevated venous pressure, leg claudication is the most pertinent complication. This condition arises when there is inadequate blood flow to the muscles in the legs due to restricted venous return. The elevated venous pressure can lead to venous insufficiency and impaired tissue perfusion, resulting in muscle cramps or pain specifically related to physical activity.

Leg claudication typically manifests as pain or discomfort in the legs during exertion, which resolves with rest. This symptom is particularly associated with arterial supply issues but can also be exacerbated by venous obstruction. The reason leg claudication stands out in this scenario is due to the impact of elevated venous pressure on overall circulation, illustrating the connection between venous pathology and symptoms resembling claudication.

In contrast, night cramps, fatigue, and acute pain can be manifestations of various conditions, but they do not directly correlate to caval obstruction in the same way. Night cramps are typically associated with muscle fatigue or electrolyte imbalance, while fatigue can stem from numerous systemic issues, not just localized vascular problems. Acute pain could relate to a severe obstruction or clot but is less specific than claudication, which is a well-defined condition linked to inadequate venous outflow.